Abstract: The whole aircraft drop test for a carrier based aircraft aims to examine the bearing capacity of the aircraft body structure, the landing gear and the airborne equipment. However, it is difficult to carry out the whole aircraft drop test, as a large-scale dynamic test, because of the cost and the long preparation period required. This paper proposes a test method for prediction and analysis of the dynamic load of carrier based aircraft, based on the principle of scaling the prototype aircraft on the premise of ensuring the dynamic similarity. At the same time, a set of the full aircraft drop test methods is designed, derived from the dynamic similarity theory. The drop test results of the scaled model can be restored to the prototype ones. This method can be used to predict the whole aircraft drop test results of the prototype aircraft with a low cost. The test results of the prototype aircraft show that the prediction accuracy of the test is satisfactory, and the dynamic load on the ship surface can be predicted by the test method.