基于耐撞性的塑性变形教学改革

TEACHING INNOVATION OF THE PLASTIC DEFORMATION BASED ON THE CRASHWORTHINESS

  • 摘要: 塑性变形是力学的重要教学内容之一,在横力弯曲变形、塑性铰等教学过程中存在偏重概念和理论推导,缺乏实际工程背景等问题。为了提高学生学习兴趣,提出以飞行器和汽车等运载装备耐撞性能需求的塑性变形教学改革模式。首先从实际运载装备在冲击事故中的乘员安全需求为牵引,引出耐撞性工程问题,通过合理假设建立力学模型,建立与塑性变形、塑性铰等教学内容的联系,推导预测压溃载荷的理论公式,让学生体会到理论学习的重要性,通过误差分析让学生理解力学模型的局限性并提高模型精度,提升学生学习兴趣。通过航天器迫降、圆管多边形破坏模式、点阵结构等工程和学术前沿问题,开拓学生视野,进一步夯实理论基础,提高创新能力。

     

    Abstract: The plastic deformation is one of the most important teaching content of mechanics. Teaching is biased toward conceptual and theoretical derivation, and there is a lack of practical engineering background for the teaching process of bending deformation under transversal force and plastic hinge. To enhance student’s interest, the teaching innovation method based on the crashworthiness performance of aircraft and automotive is proposed. Firstly, the crashworthiness problem is given to guarantee the occupant safety during the collision accident of vehicle. Secondly, the mechanical model is built based on reasonable assumptions. Then, the relation between crashworthiness performance with plastic deformation and hinge is established. Finally, the theoretical equation is given to predict the impact load. To help understand the limitation of mechanical model, the accuracy could be improved by error analysis. Through this process, students would realize the importance of curriculum content and have greater interest to learn. Furthermore, to broaden students’ horizons, consolidate theoretical foundation and improve innovation ability, the impact dynamics of spacecraft, the polygon failure behavior of circular tube and academic frontier including lattice structure are introduced.

     

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