Abstract: Based on the history and the present state of Shanghai Suzhou Creek, the pollutionsources and hydraulic performance were discussed and the sources of its serious water quality pollution were analyzed. Then, some problems were addressed on environmental fluid mechanics with respect to Suzhou Creekrehabilitation, such as mathematical models for pollutant transfer andtheir main parameters,unsteady tide flow features of Suzhou Creek,optimization method of water environment capacity for Suzhou Creek and its river-net system.Finally, the common features of the rivers located at estuary, such as river slope flat, tidal floweffect, river network structure and intense pollution sources wereanalyzed.