枝上柳绵吹又少——浅谈柳絮御风飞行的力学原理

THE WILLOW CATKINS ON BRANCHES, BLOWN FEWER AND FEWER: ON THE FLYING MECHANICS OF CATKINS

  • 摘要: 飞舞的柳絮是暮春时节常见的景象,亦是古代文人雅士咏怀春景、寄托哲思的常见意象。本文从北宋文学家苏轼的名句“枝上柳绵吹又少”谈起,通过分析柳絮周围空气的粘滞作用、空气的分离涡环结构以及绒毛孔隙率调节效应,探讨自然界风媒植物的种子等轻质多孔介质能够长久飘飞的力学原因,并由此浅谈此类结构特征在微型飞行器中的应用。

     

    Abstract: Drifting willow catkins in air are a common phenomenon in late springs and often act as sentimental scenes in classical Chinese literature. By enjoying the popular line of the great poet Su Shi in the Northern Song dynasty, “the willow catkins on branches, blown fewer and fewer,” this article briefly analyzes the air viscous effects around the fluffs, the separated vortex ring structure above it, and the regulatory mechanism of fluff porosity. Based on these three skills, the flying mechanisms enable the lightweight porous fluff—such as the wind-pollinated seeds in nature—to remain aloft in air for a long distance. Then we extend the discussion to applications of such structures in miniature aerial vehicles.

     

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