平板通气离散气泡形态演变和流场特性研究

STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION OF DISCRETE BUBBLE MORPHOLOGY AND FLOW FIELD CHARACTERISTICS IN FLAT PLATE AERATION

  • 摘要: 通过改变船舶近壁面流动状态以获得预期的力学效应,是一种提高航行器水动力性能的先进技术手段。本文基于精细流动观测水洞,通过调控通气量和横流速度两种关键流动参数,利用高速摄像技术和粒子图像测速(particle image velocimetry,PIV)方法,研究了横流条件下的气泡在平板壁面约束下的流动状态,从而得到近壁面气液两相流场结构演化及气泡脱落规律。实验结果表明,气泡主要以孔口脱落和颈缩脱落两种方式实现分离。并且从两种脱落流态的云图结果能得到,气泡在沿流向生长阶段其前缘头部形成正涡量区,而在气泡脱落断裂瞬间,该部位的垂向速度分量呈现垂直向上,并诱发局部负涡量。通过进一步统计表明,在不同横流雷诺数和通气系数的工况下,气泡脱落频率、长度及厚度均呈现出规律性的变化。

     

    Abstract: By altering the near-wall flow state of ships to achieve desired mechanical effects, this constitutes an advanced technical approach for improving the hydrodynamic performance of marine vehicles. In this study, a precision flow-observation water tunnel was used to investigate the flow behavior of bubbles constrained by a flat plate under crossflow conditions. By regulating two key flow parameters—ventilation rate and crossflow velocity—and employing high-speed imaging along with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the evolution of the near-wall gas–liquid two-phase flow structure and the mechanisms governing bubble shedding phenomena. Experimental results show that under the defined conditions, bubbles detach primarily via orifice-detached and necking off-detached. PIV measurements indicate that during bubble growth, positive vorticity develops at the bubble’s leading edge. From the flow field images of the two shedding flow regimes, it can be observed that during the streamwise growth stage of bubbles, a positive vorticity region develops at the front head of the bubble. At the moment of bubble detachment and fragmentation, the vertical velocity component at this specific location exhibits a vertically upward direction, subsequently inducing local negative vorticity. Further statistical analysis demonstrates that under varying crossflow Reynolds numbers and ventilation coefficients, regular variations are observed in bubble shedding frequency, length, and thickness.

     

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