冲击载荷致裂含水合物地层的模拟实验研究

SIMULATED EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON IMPACT-INDUCED FRACTURING IN HYDRATE-BEARING SEDIMENTS

  • 摘要: 在中国天然气水合物的第二轮试采中,采用了水平井多级射孔改造储层的方式,提高了开采效率,为水力压裂技术的应用揭示了前景。但射孔对水合物地层的损伤效果和对压裂结果的影响尚不明确,还需要进一步研究。为此开展了模拟含水合物地层冲击压裂的实验研究。进行了射弹和重物贯入两类实验,利用冻土模拟了含水合物地层在冲击作用下产生裂缝的物理过程,分析了射孔冲击提供的能量与裂缝面积的转化规律,研究发现,射孔冲击的加载速度越大越有利于开裂;提供的总能量越大、作用时间越短,越有利于地层开裂并产生更大的裂缝面积,但目前的实验中能量转化为裂缝的效率不高,还有待进一步研究。

     

    Abstract: During the second round of trail mining of natural gas hydrates in China, multi-stage perforation injection via horizontal wells was used to improve the extraction efficiency, demonstrating the potential application of hydraulic fracturing technology. However, the effectiveness of perforation in hydrate-bearing sediments remains inadequately understood and requires further investigation. To address this, experimental simulations of impact-induced fracturing in such sediments were carried out through two types of experiments: perforation tests and drop-weight impact tests. These experiments examined the relationship between impact energy and fracture area. The results indicate that higher loading rates promote more effective fracture initiation. Additionally, greater total impact energy applied over a shorter duration was found to be more conducvie to fracturing, resulting a larger fracture area. Nevertheless, the efficiency of the energy transformed into fracture in the current experiments was relatively low, highlighting an area in need of further study.

     

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