Abstract: High risk of Osteoporosis (OP) bone fractures essentially stems from the OP induced considerable mechanical deterioration of bones, in which mechanics certainly plays a crucial role. This article reviewed the advancements in biomechanics field on the risk assessment of OP bone fractures, mainly covering the following three aspects: (1) the relevant developments of cell biomechanics on the biological mechanisms of OP; (2) the related research progress on the mechanical properties of bones across multiple scales; and (3) the relevant applications of artificial intelligence technology in the assessment of OP bone fracture risk. This work aims to provide scientific guidance for the assessment, prevention and control of OP bone fracture risk.