力学模型:从质点到连续介质的演变与启示

MECHANICAL MODEL: EVOLUTION FROM MASS PARTICLE TO CONTINUUM

  • 摘要: 力学专业课程体系中的力学模型,如质点、刚体、变形体与理想流体等,散布在不同的课程中,它们之间的相互关系很少被讨论。针对这一问题,本文阐述了从基础的质点模型经由质点系、刚体、连续介质一直到多场耦合模型的演变路径,并说明了不同模型之间的逻辑关联以及一个“好”力学模型需要满足的条件。这些讨论有助于学习者在力学知识体系中既见“树木”又见“森林”。

     

    Abstract: The mechanical models in the mechanics curriculum system, such as particle, rigid body, deformable body, ideal fluids, etc., are scattered across different courses, and their interrelationships are rarely discussed. In response to this issue, this article elaborates on the evolution path from the basic mass particle model to the mass particle system, rigid body, continuum, and then to the multi-field coupling model, and explains the logical correlation between different models as well as the conditions that a "good" mechanical model needs to meet. The discussion helps ones to see the forest and the trees in the knowledge system of mechanics.

     

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