Abstract: In the field of fuel applications, the utilization of compound droplets can enhance combustion efficiency. To investigate the breakup mechanism of compound droplets under aerodynamic forces, silicone oil-water compound droplets were prepared via a coaxial jet method, and their behavior was studied through continuous jet flow and high-speed imaging techniques. During the initial deformation stage, a distinctive droplet shape, known as a “horizontally flying disc” was observed. The time required for the compound droplet to reach this state decreased with increasing Weber number (We), which also influenced the maximum diameter and deformation durtation of the disc. Based on the morphological characteristics of the inner and outer liquids, the breakup of compound droplets in the experiment was categorized into six distinct modes. During the aerodynamic breakup, the outer silicone oil layer dissipated substantial energy during its fragmentation, resulting in a significant delay in the breakup of the inner water droplet, establishing a sequence where the outer shell breaks first, followed by the inner liquid. Additionally, the effects of We and viscosity on the shell stripping and breakup process were further explored.