Abstract: In the present work, slow strain rate tension test, fracture toughness test, and fatigue crack growth test were performed on different pipeline steels, including X42, X52, X60, X70 and X80 in gaseous hydrogen environment with different hydrogen partial pressure. Based on the obtained results, the effects of gaseous hydrogen on the strength, ductility, fracture toughness, and fatigue crack growth rate as well as the major factors that may impact the evaluation of compatibility of pipeline steels with hydrogen were discussed. And the key indexes to assess the compatibility of pipeline steel with gaseous hydrogen, as well as the corresponding test methods were proposed to evaluate the adaptability of pipeline steels in gaseous hydrogen environment scientifically.