如何在教学中培养学生的思维和能力(5)——直觉与猜测

HOW TO CULTIVATE STUDENTS’ THINKING AND ABILITY IN TEACHING (5) — INTUITION AND CONJECTURES

  • 摘要: 直觉思维是不借助于逻辑推理而综合运用已有知识和经验,以高度省略、简化、浓缩的方式洞察事物的实质,并迅速作出猜测、设想或突然领悟的思维。直觉或猜测不一定准确,但是在特定条件下可能是正确的,或者能反映正确答案的部分特征,通过适当的修正有可能获得正确的结论。文章从直觉的角度,介绍了点的复合运动中加速度合成公式的猜测及修正、利用特例猜测一般结果的运动学案例,以及对太阳系行星轨道特点的猜测。这些案例为复杂问题的处理提供了一种思路。

     

    Abstract: Intuitive thinking is a kind of thinking which makes comprehensive use of existed knowledge and experience without logical reasoning, and gives insight into the essence of things in a highly abbreviated, simplified and condensed way, and makes a quick conjectures, assumption or sudden comprehension. Intuition or conjectures may not be accurate, but they may be correct under certain conditions, or some characteristics of the correct answer, and it is possible to reach the correct conclusion with appropriate correction. From the perspective of intuition, this paper introduces the prediction and correction of the synthesis formula of the combined motion of the point, the kinematics case of guessing the general result by using the special case, and the guess of the orbit characteristics of the planets in the solar system. These cases provide a way to deal with complex problems.

     

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