新工科背景下的材料力学虚拟实验仿真范例库建设

CONSTRUCTION OF VIRTUAL EXPERIMENT SIMULATION MODEL BANK FOR MATERIAL MECHANICS UNDER NEW ENGINEERING BACKGROUND

  • 摘要: 面向新工科创新拔尖人才培养,建设了材料力学课程专属的虚拟实验仿真范例库,尤其融入了火箭筒壳轴压稳定性分析与设计、冬奥滑雪头盔变刚度抗冲击设计等工程案例,构建了问题导引、交互、体验、反思为一体的信息化混合式学习场域,完善了材料力学科教融合工程化教学资源体系。该范例库基于Python语言建立了一系列标准构件及工程实例的建模与有限元分析参数化脚本,可实现典型工程结构的强度、刚度和稳定性有限元分析的自动实施与演示。在此基础上,本文还提出了材料力学课程全学习周期多元形成性评价体系,实现对学生新形势下学习状态与能力的诊断性评价,以促使学生合理制订学习规划并自主开展学习,使得虚拟实验技术的实际教学效果最大化。教学实践表明,该虚拟实验仿真范例库有利于培养学生工程创新能力,激发学生力学报国情怀,成为材料力学课程思政的重要载体。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the cultivation of top innovative talents in new engineering, the author built a virtual experiment simulation model bank for the course of material mechanics. Especially, we integrated the analysis and design of axially compressed stability of rocket shell, the impact-resistant design of variable-stiffness ski helmet for Olympic Winter Games and other engineering cases. An information-based hybrid learning field integrating problem guidance, interaction, experience and reflection was established, which improves the integration project of science and education of material mechanics. Based on the Python language, a series of parameterized scripts for modeling and finite element analysis of standard components and engineering examples were established in this bank, which can automatically implement and show the process of finite element analysis of strength, stiffness and stability for typical engineering structures. On this basis, this paper also proposed a multiple formative assessment system for the whole learning cycle to realize the diagnostic evaluation of students' learning status and ability under the new situation, so as to promote students to make a reasonable learning plan, carry out learning independently and maximize the actual teaching effect of virtual experiment technology. The teaching practice demonstrates that the proposed virtual experiment simulation model bank is helpful to to cultivate students' engineering innovative capacity, and to stimulate students' emotion of serving the country, which has been the important carrier of ideological, political courses for mechanics of materials.

     

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