Abstract: Viscoelastic theory is an important branch of mechanics. In this paper, the basic viscoelastic element and deformation units are introduced step by step to the general viscoelastic deformation model. In addition, the constitutive equation is also derived. The application of viscoelastic theory in engineering practice is discussed based on the creep behavior of typical viscoelastic materials. Based on the teaching practice of viscoelastic theory and students' reaction in class for recent years, the teaching content, methods and links are summarized. The teaching measures developed may provide a helpful reference for other teachers.