Abstract: Three representative methods for solving the beam under typical loads are reviewed in this paper. Based on the solution of the beam problem under uniformly distributed load, the solving method of the beam under gradient distributed load is given. In addition, the beam model is also associated with composite materials mechanics, which deepens students' understanding of the elastic theory. Based on the superposition principle, the analysis method of beam under complex loads is also given, which expands students' understanding of the scope of theoretical application, and the content is of value both for engineering applications and teaching practice.