考虑摆动腿动态的变长度柔性双足机器人步态切换控制研究

GAIT TRANSITION CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE BIPED ROBOT WITH VARIABLE LEG LENGTH AND SWING LEG DYNAMICS

  • 摘要: 弹簧负载倒立摆模型是一种典型的双足行走模型,已经成为研究机器人类人行走的基础。本文在此模型的基础上进行了扩展,通过添加刚性躯干、脚质量及采用变长度伸缩腿,充分考虑了躯干及摆动腿动力学对机器人行走步态的影响。首先,利用欧拉–拉格朗日法推导了动力学方程。其次,设计了反馈线性化控制器来跟踪目标轨迹,以及调节摆动腿和躯干的姿态。第三,提出了步态切换策略,通过控制腿部长度和髋关节力矩来实现步态切换,从而改变平均行走速度。最后,通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的有效性。仿真结果表明:该控制策略能够有效地跟踪系统的期望轨迹及实现两种自然步态之间的切换,并形成稳定的极限环,实现机器人的稳定行走。

     

    Abstract: The spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model is a typical biped walking model, which has been the basis for the study of human-like walking robots. In this paper, we extend the SLIP model to include a rigid torso, foot mass and to adopt telescopic legs of variable length. The influence of the dynamics of the torso and swing leg on the gait of the robot is fully considered. Firstly, the dynamic equations are derived using the Euler– Lagrange method. Secondly, the feedback linearization controller is designed to track the desired trajectory and regulate the swing leg orientation and the attitude of the torso. Thirdly, the gait switching strategy is presented to realize walking gait transition by controlling the legs length and the hip torques, thus the average walking speed can be changed. Finally, computer simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the presented method. Simulation results show that the controller is effective for tracking the desired trajectory of the system and realize the transition between two natural gaits. Furthermore, a stable limit cycle is formed and the robot can walk stably.

     

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