负泊松比锚杆/索力学特性及其工程应用1)

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF BOLT/CABLE WITH NEGATIVE POISSON'S RATIO1)

  • 摘要: 深部工程中岩体的复杂非线性力学行为认知与地质灾害的控制和预测,是矿山岩体力学界面临的主要挑战。具有负泊松比结构的负泊松比(negative Poisson's ratio, NPR)锚杆具有拉不断、高恒阻力、理想弹塑性本构关系等超常特性,其恒阻力由NPR结构决定,与外载荷和岩体性质无关。NPR锚杆与岩体相互作用时,会改变岩体的力学行为,可实现岩体力学行为的降维与解耦分析;不仅可以对岩体大变形与冲击地压等地质灾害进行有效控制,同时可以通过小扰动控制的方式实现对岩体工程灾害发生机理的认知与预测,为解决深部岩体中复杂非线性问题开创了新的途径。本文介绍了NPR锚杆的静力与动力本构关系、NPR锚杆与岩体相互作用机理及其在冲击地压、滑坡等地质灾害控制与预测中的应用。

     

    Abstract: Understanding the complex nonlinear mechanical behavior of rock masses and predicting relavant geo-disasters have always been the major challenges in rock mechanics and mining science. In this paper, the characteristics and applications of bolt/cable with negative Poisson's ratio (NPR) and its applications are discussed. At first, the static and dynamic constitutive behavior of the NPR bolt/cable is reviewed. As a typical energy absorbing bolt, the NPR bolt/cable has advanced reinforcement performances, i.e., a durable deformability, a high bearing capacity, an ideal elastoplastic constitutive relationship, etc. Especially, the constant resistance of NPR bolt/cable is mainly determined by the NPR structure and is not influenced by the external loads or rock properties. Then, the interaction between NPR bolts and rock masses are presented. It shows that the NPR bolt/cable may change the constitutive behavior of rock mass where it gets through, resulting in the realization of the complex nonlinear mechanical behavior of rock mass by dimensionality reduction and decoupling analysis. At last, some application cases of NPR bolts/cables in the control and prediction of geological hazards (i.e., rock bursts and landslides) are demonstrated. By applying the NPR bolt/cable in field, it can not only effectively control the large deformation of the rock mass and the geological disasters, but also help to understand and predict the behavior of rock mass based on the small disturbance control theory. Thus, the study on the mechanical characteristics of the NPR bolt/cable provides a new way in understanding the complex nonlinear mechanical behavior of rock masses in depth.

     

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