Abstract: In view of the randomness and uncertainty of the stress-strain curves obtained from the material tensile experiments, a new teaching method for determining the elastic modulus, yield strength, and ultimate strength of materials is developed, which is based on the artificial intelligence combined with the big data technology. Through compiling the database of tensile test data, the reasonable stress-strain curve is established using the probability and statistics theory. The accuracy of the existing experimental results is evaluated using the machine learning method, and the possible failure reasons are given using the artificial intelligence. The innovative teaching method assisted by the artificial intelligence and big data technology would become an important development direction of the teaching methods in mechanics of materials. More importantly, this teaching method would cultivate the ability and interest of undergraduates in scientific research to understand the uncertainty of the material deformation from the perspective of the big data.