有底圆筒的浮态研究
FLOATING POSTURES OF HOLLOW CYLINDERS WITH BOTTOM
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摘要: 有底圆筒的浮态分析可参照实心圆柱体进行,但需要考虑顶面进水条件。圆筒内盛水或倒扣在水中时可在轴线竖直姿态稳定平衡,随内部水量减少,平衡位置将发生杈式分岔而倾斜平衡,水量再稍有减少即会倾倒。以直圆筒玻璃杯为目标,给出了相关公式的计算结果以及各种浮态的照片。Abstract: The floating state of the bottomed-hollow cylinder is analyzed as compared with a solid cylinder with the consideration of the water intake at the top. The cylinder may stably float in the vertical posture when it is filled with the water or is in an inverted position in the water. As the water volume inside the cylinder is reduced, the balance position will be tilt after a fork bifurcation, and topple over finally. Calculation results of the relevant formulas and the photographs of various floating states are given for glass cups.