Abstract: The method for solving the problem of manned asteroids exploration trajectory optimization based on ephemeris matching method was studied in this paper. The concept of ephemeris matching method was proposed, and then the initial launch window and the candidate optimal probe sequences were given. Time nodes and other parameters were optimized for the specific probe sequences by using genetic algorithm. The final orbit and thrust control laws were optimized by using homotopic method based on the Pontryagin's maximum principle. The results showed that the ephemeris matching method can quickly and accurately find out the optimal initial launch window and the candidate probe sequences, which can greatly improve the efficiency of solving the manned asteroid exploration and other multi-objective rendezvous problems.