Abstract: Laboratory rock hydraulic fracturing technology is a fundamental method for studying the propagation of hydraulic fractures. However, the internal microstructure changes within natural rock cannot be directly observed. In this paper, transparent rock-like materials made of epoxy resin were developed to enable direct visualization of internal crack propagation. Through compressive and splitting strength tests, the similarities between transparent materials and real rocks were evaluated. Hydraulic fracturing were then conducted under various axial stress conditions. The results show that the prepared rock-like materials have good transparency and can accurately represent the fundamental mechanical properties of hard rock. Both the fracture pressure and fracture initiation time are significantly influenced by the axial stress, and the crack propagation direction consistently forms an angle of approximately 45 degreerelative to the perforation surface. These findings provide a reliable basis for further research on rock hydraulic fracture propagation and theoretical modeling.