材料力学中几处概念的辨析

THE STUDY OF SEVERAL CONCEPTS IN MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

  • 摘要: 在材料力学教学中需要注重概念论述的准确性。本文针对材料力学教学中的几个概念进行了讨论。目前对于横截面上内力分量的描述以及扭转变形的描述都只适用于横截面有两个或两个以上对称轴的情况,本文提出了更准确的描述。强调梁的位移与变形概念的区别,提出梁的整体变形由挠曲轴方程中的积分项(第一项)描述。在压弯组合变形与压杆稳定分析中,对于轴向力在弯曲变形情况下产生的附加弯矩的不同处理方式,体现了两个知识点之间的内在联系与力学建模思想的灵活运用。

     

    Abstract: The accuracy of concept description needs to be emphasized in the course of mechanics of materials. In this paper, several concepts in mechanics of materials are discussed. At present, the descriptions about internal force components on a cross-section and torsional deformation are only suitable for the case that the cross section has two or more than two symmetrical axes. More accurate descriptions are proposed in this paper. The difference between beam deflection and deformation is emphasized, and it is proposed that the overall deformation of beams is described by the integral term (first term) in the equation of deflection curve. In the analysis of combined compression and bending and in the analysis of stability of column, different treatments about the additional bending moment generated by axial force under bending deformation reflects the inherent connection between two knowledge points and the flexible of mechanical modeling.

     

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