Abstract: The application of 3D printing technology in the preparation of rock samples has many advantages, but there are also shortcomings such as the inability of traditional 3D printing materials to perfectly simulate rock materials, low strength of 3D printed rock samples, and limited post-processing technology for 3D printed rock samples. In order to better apply 3D printing technology to the preparation of rock samples, this study attempts to use mineral powder with a typical sandstone real mineral composition configuration as the printing material, and use 3D printing technology to produce two types of rock samples with different gradations. The study also explores the influence of infiltration agent post-treatment methods on the mechanical properties of 3D printed rock samples. The research results indicate that there are significant differences in the mechanical properties of samples made with mineral powder as printing material and different particle sizes. Permeation treatment of 3D printed rock samples with water-based amino resin can further improve the uniaxial compressive strength of the samples. The resin permeation samples have similar compressive strength and failure mode to dense sandstone. The research results provide a new approach for preparing rock samples through 3D printing.